A sigmoidoscopy is a procedure examining the sigmoid colon, the S-shaped portion of the large intestine. A thin, flexible tube with a camera (sigmoidoscope) is inserted into the rectum. This allows visualization of the sigmoid colon’s lining, detecting abnormalities like polyps, inflammation (colitis), or cancer. Preparation involves bowel cleansing. The procedure is generally well-tolerated, though some discomfort or bloating may occur. It’s a crucial diagnostic tool for colorectal issues, often followed by a colonoscopy for a more comprehensive view.