Endoscopy is a medical procedure using a long, thin, flexible tube with a camera (endoscope) to examine the interior of the body. Inserted through a natural opening like the mouth or anus, it allows visualization of organs like the esophagus, stomach, intestines, colon, and airways. Endoscopes can also incorporate tools for biopsies, polyp removal, and other minor procedures. The procedure is generally well-tolerated but may cause mild discomfort or bloating. Preparation varies depending on the area examined, often involving fasting or bowel cleansing. Endoscopy plays a crucial role in diagnosing and treating various gastrointestinal and respiratory conditions.